From bias to better care: cultural competency in primary care

Houssein Chahrour; Sanjeevan Mathialagan; Marim Ibrahim; Arman  Azad; Marissa Singh

doi:10.33178/SMJ.2025.1.15

Authors

Houssein Chahrour School of Medicine, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland https://orcid.org/0009-0001-0983-9916
Sanjeevan Mathialagan School of Medicine, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
Marim Ibrahim School of Medicine, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
Arman Azad School of Medicine, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
Marissa Singh School of Medicine, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33178/SMJ.2025.1.15

Keywords:

GP, Bias, Patient care, culture and diversity

Abstract

Implicit bias in healthcare significantly impacts patient care, especially in increasingly diverse populations. Primary care physicians, often the first point of contact for patients, play a crucial role in addressing these disparities. Studies show that implicit biases affect clinical judgment, treatment recommendations, and empathy, leading to poorer patient outcomes and satisfaction, particularly among marginalized groups. Cultural competency, encompassing awareness, attitudes, skills, and knowledge, is vital for delivering equitable and patient-centered care. However, many physicians feel unprepared for intercultural interactions, with nearly half lacking formal training in cultural and linguistic competency during medical education. This deficit perpetuates disparities in diagnostic evaluations, adherence to treatment, and health outcomes.

By prioritizing cultural competency in primary care, healthcare systems can reduce disparities, improve patient satisfaction, and ensure holistic care. Advancing these initiatives is essential to achieving health equity and better outcomes for marginalized populations.

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